The challenge facingWalter Bagehotwhile writing the essays that became his study ofThe English Constitutionis that, infamously, there is no “English constitution,” at least, not one that has ever been written down. The government of Great Britain and Ireland, in Bagehot’s day, is the result of centuries of evolution, and so is the product of custom, precedent, reform, and a great degree of chance.
As a “constitutional monarchy,” the theory of government...